PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.